Can your mole turn into cancer?
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Could your mole be cancerous? Moles are made up of pigment-producing cells called melanocytes, so many moles are different shapes and colors of brown, and some are even skin-colored. It was flat at first, then gradually bulged. In the first 20 years, they will continue to grow, most of them very slowly, some grow to about 1 cm or larger; some grow very large and grow hair. Some children are born with large moles, and some people have more moles than the average person. Moles are more commonly seen in people with fair skin. Teacher Jing tells you that although these are not very common, some moles still have the potential to transform into malignant melanoma (the deadliest type of skin cancer), and the most common skin cancer, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), can sometimes develop on the basis of moles. Which moles can become cancerous? As the most common benign skin tumor, the incidence of various types of moles in the population is always high. However, not all moles have the potential to become malignant. A considerable number of moles can remain on the skin for many years without changing their characteristics. Generally speaking, the possibility of malignant transformation of the following types of moles is worthy of attention: they are flat at first and then gradually bulge. In the first 20 years, they will continue to grow, most of them very slowly, some grow to about 1 cm or larger; some grow very large and grow hair. (1) Congenital small nevus, sebaceous nevus and nevus cell nevus: Although the probability of malignant transformation of these three types of nevus is not very high, they are very common in life and we still need to be vigilant. Congenital small nevi generally appear as irregular brown-black spots with smooth/rough surfaces that become slightly elevated with age, while sebaceous nevi are usually yellowish, slightly raised, hairless masses, while the morphology of nevus cell nevi varies greatly depending on the type. Generally speaking, small congenital nevi are more likely to transform into malignant melanoma, while sebaceous nevi are more likely to develop tumors such as basal cell carcinoma on this basis, both of which require preventive surgical removal. The chance of malignant transformation of nevus cell nevus is low, and it can be observed if no danger signs appear. (2) Dysplastic nevus: This type of nevus is the main cause of malignant melanoma in Europe and the United States. It can be hereditary (such as familial atypical multiple nevus/melanoma syndrome) or appear alone. Dysplastic nevi usually appear later (puberty and later), and are mostly found on the chest, back, waist, etc. Their main characteristics are uneven color, large number, and large area. Due to the high potential risk, this type of mole must be completely removed once discovered. (3) Congenital giant nevus: This nevus is commonly known as animal skin nevus, named after its main characteristics: a large black patch with a rough surface and often black hair on the nevus. Congenital giant nevi can usually be found after birth. Since they often occur on the head, face, lower back, etc., they can cause serious disfigurement and there is a certain chance of malignant transformation. Treatment of this nevus generally requires complete excision combined with skin grafting, which can ensure that the appearance of the affected area is improved to the greatest extent while preventing malignant transformation. 3. How to identify moles that may become malignant? As mentioned earlier, some moles with a higher chance of becoming malignant often require preventive excision to avoid the risk, but this method is almost impossible to implement for melanocytic nevi with a low chance of becoming malignant. However, for those who suffer from nevus cell nevi, it is still very important to regularly check the morphological characteristics of the nevi and detect potential nevi that may become malignant early. Generally speaking, moles that may have become malignant or have a high potential for malignant transformation have the following characteristics: ①The shape of the mole is asymmetrical; ②The edge of the mole is irregular; ③The color of the mole is uneven, or the color changes significantly in a short period of time; ④The diameter of the mole is ≥6mm; ⑤The number of moles on the same person is ≥20; ⑥ Family history of malignant melanoma; 4. Pay special attention to the following situations: 1. Remove the hair from the mole. Some larger moles may have hair growing on them. Hairy moles are not at high risk of developing skin cancer, and there is no danger in removing the hair from moles. You can safely shave or pluck them out. Be careful, as these practices can irritate the hair follicles, leading to infection, pain, and swelling. If you experience any of these symptoms, you should see a doctor. 2. The mole changes. If you have a large number of moles, you must pay more attention and ask your family or doctor to check the changes in your moles regularly. Keep in mind their size and location, and while not all changes are bad, they are worth paying attention to. About half of skin cancers develop from long-standing or pre-existing moles, and the other 50% occur on normal skin. 5. Pay attention to the following changes in moles: 1. It will bulge or fade after a period of time. 2. The area around the mole will fade. The size and color of a mole will change during pregnancy. After giving birth, the color of the mole will return, but it may take some time. However, skin cancer can occur during pregnancy, so it's best to see a doctor to be on the safe side. 3. New moles, especially those that appear after the age of 40. 4. The mole becomes larger or itchy. 5. Changes in color, such as a mole that becomes darker, blacker, or turns between brown and pink. 6. The mole becomes uneven, blurred, or irregular in appearance. 7. The mole bleeds or oozes fluid. 6. Pigmented nevus can be divided into three types according to pathological examination, namely junctional nevus, mixed nevus and intradermal nevus: 1. Mixed nevus. Mixed nevus has the characteristics of junctional nevus and intradermal nevus, hence the name. Most pigmented nevus have a central patch protruding from the skin surface, often with hair, surrounded by a smooth and diffusely pigmented halo. The nevus cells and nevus cell nests of mixed nevus are found both in the deep epidermis and in the dermis. Due to the existence of junctional vitality, it is also possible to undergo malignant transformation. 2 Junctional nevus Junctional nevus is flat or slightly higher than the skin surface, with a smooth surface and no hair. Its nevus cells and nevus cell nests are mainly located at the junction of the epidermis and dermis of the skin, hence the name. The nevus cells of junctional nevus have the characteristics of active proliferation and there is a chance of malignant transformation. 3 Intradermal nevus Intradermal nevus is flat or higher than the skin surface, with uniform color. Sometimes one or several hairs can be seen in the center. It is the most common type of pigmented nevus in adults. Intradermal nevus is relatively stable in nature and generally does not show malignant transformation clinically. 7. For moles with extremely low possibility of malignant transformation, as long as they do not affect the appearance, you can observe them first. However, if the probability of malignant transformation is high, it is best to give early intervention treatment. So, which are the moles that threaten human health? You may wish to pay attention to whether your mole has these characteristics: 1. Asymmetry: Asymmetry, the local diameter appears particularly large; 2. Unclear boundaries: Unclear boundaries, jagged or other irregular changes, this is most likely a mole infiltrating and invading the surrounding tissues; 3. Color change: The color of the mole becomes mottled or darker, especially with a bluish hue; 4. Large diameter: The diameter of a mole is larger than the eraser on a pencil (about 6mm); 5. Elevation: Although the size of the mole has not changed, it has become significantly thicker. 6. Others: The surface of the mole is damaged, bleeding, swollen, painful or itchy. 8. Precursors of cancer 1. A mole becomes red and inflamed around it for no other reason, or the color of the mole suddenly darkens; 2 The edges of a mole that was originally clearly defined become blurred, or one side is clear while the other side is unclear, or the color of one side is dark while the other side is light; 3. Pigmented moles suddenly grow larger in a short period of time; 4 The surface changes from smooth to rough, with erosion, exudation, bleeding, etc.; 5. If several small black spots suddenly appear around a black mole, that is, a satellite-like mole, you should be highly alert to the possibility of cancer. 6 Moles generally do not cause any discomfort. However, if a mole suddenly causes itching or pain, you should be alert to the possibility of mole cancer. Thank you for reading "Can Your Mole Cause Cancer?". I hope this helps you. Thank you for your support of Ziwei Mansion! For more exciting content, please follow our Xiong Zhang account. |
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