A detailed explanation of the mining pool fee settlement method

Many novices are confused by the "settlement method" in the early stage of mining. Today we will analyze how the fees of major mining pools are charged and what are the differences.
There are generally five settlement methods: PPS, PPS+, FPPS, PPLNS, and SOLO.
1. PPS (Pay PerShare): Calculated based on the effective workload submitted by your mining machine. The calculation formula is:
Revenue = Block Reward * Workload / Current Network Difficulty

The mining pool provides subsidies to ensure that you can get 100% of the expected income. That is to say, when your mining machine is connected to AntPool, no matter what the luck value of the mining pool is, your income will be directly distributed according to the contribution of your mining machine to the mining pool. Therefore, the income is guaranteed regardless of drought or flood, and the income is stable. As long as the mining machine works normally, there will be income. The income is related to the submitted workload, and has nothing to do with the luck value of the mining pool or the transaction fee. It is also the model chosen by most people. Since the PPS model is a risk borne by the mining pool, a certain fee will be charged, because if there is no explosion, the mining pool also needs to pay you a salary. The following are the currencies that can choose the PPS model for major mining pools:

2. PPS+: This is based on the PPS model, with the addition of the distribution of mining fees. It is an improvement on the traditional PPS settlement method. In this settlement method, the mining pool distributes the transaction fees to the miners, so the profit is high when the transaction fee is high, and the profit is low when the transaction fee is low. The following are the currencies that can choose the PPS+ model in major mining pools:

3. FPPS (Full PPS): All block revenues including transaction fees are distributed. The revenue distribution part includes: fixed reward (currently 12.5 BTC) + package transaction fee. The revenue is calculated based on 100% luck value and is not affected by the luck value of the mining pool (taking BTC as an example). The editor personally believes that FPPS is similar to the PPS+ mode, and it will be found that mining pools using the FPPS mode do not have the PPS+ mode (such as BTC.COM and Biyin), and mining pools using the PPS+ mode do not have the FPPS mode (such as AntPool and F2Pool). The following are the currencies that can choose the FPPS mode in major mining pools:

4. PPLNS (Pay Per Last N Shares): It means "paying income according to the past N workloads", that is, every time the mining pool finds a valid block, the miners will be allocated income according to their average contribution, and the miners' income is closely related to the actual block explosion of the mining pool. Therefore, in the PPLNS mode, luck is very important, because the luck of the mining pool fluctuates. If the mining pool can find many blocks a day, then everyone's dividends will be very high. If the mining pool cannot find any blocks in a day, then everyone will not have any income. In this way, the miners' income is related to the block output of the mining pool, and the miners' income is more unstable than PPS. The following are the currencies that can choose the PPLNS mode for major mining pools:

5. SOLO: refers to the miners mining independently. If a block is found, the miner will receive all the block rewards (after deducting the mining fee of the mining pool). If there is no block, there will be no income. This mode requires a lot of computing power, and ordinary users are not recommended to participate.
In addition, the editor has sorted out the corresponding rates of popular currencies in major mining pools:

Currently, only Ant Pool can freely switch between PPS, PPS+, PPLNS, and SOLO modes for BTC/BCH/LTC currencies, while other mining pools are all in the default rate mode.
The above data are all from the official websites of major mining pools. If there is any conflict, please refer to the actual data on the official website.