What do changes in nail lines and shapes indicate?

The lines on the nails can reflect a person's health. Generally speaking, the changes in nail lines mainly refer to the horizontal and vertical lines that appear on the nails.

(1) Horizontal lines: Horizontal lines on the nails indicate malnutrition or a serious illness that temporarily affects nail growth, such as measles, pancreatitis, or a sudden heart attack. Generally speaking, at the beginning the horizontal lines are only at the bottom of the nail. As the nail grows, they gradually move upward, which indicates that the onset of the disease is getting closer.

(2) Vertical lines: The surface of the nails is not smooth enough and there are straight lines. This usually occurs when you are overworked, overwork your brain, or lack of sleep. These vertical lines will appear clearly. If vertical lines persist, it may be a chronic disease of the internal organs. If longitudinal red lines appear on the nails, it indicates microvascular bleeding; if multiple such blood lines appear, it indicates a fatal infection such as chronic hypertension, psoriasis or subacute bacterial endocarditis.

(3) Depression: The middle of the nail sinks, and the entire nail becomes flat or spoon-shaped. This is related to iron deficiency anemia, syphilis, thyroid dysfunction, and rheumatic fever.

(4) Depressions: Irregular depressions, which are common in many psoriasis patients. Rows of pits on the surface of the nails are sometimes caused by alopecia areata. This is an immune disease of the body that is not well understood by the medical community and can cause partial or complete loss of hair.

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